AUTISM ASSESSMENTS

Autism is a lifelong neurodevelopmental condition that affects how a person processes information, communicates, and relates to others and the world around them. It’s called a spectrum because individuals experience autism in very different ways, with their own unique mix of strengths and challenges.

Signs of autism often appear in early childhood, but they can vary depending on age, personality, and developmental stage.

Some common signs include:

Social Interaction

• Limited eye contact or reduced social engagement

• Preferring to play alone

• Difficulty interpreting social cues (like gestures or facial expressions)

• Not pointing, waving, or using other social gestures

• Not responding to their name or showing interest in others

Communication

• Delayed speech or language development

• Repeating words or phrases (echolalia)

• Speaking in a very direct or literal way

• Difficulty understanding jokes, sarcasm, or non-verbal cues

• Less interest in pretend play or small talk

Sensory processing

• Sensitivity to sounds, lights, textures, or smells

• Discomfort with certain clothes, foods, or physical touch

• Distress in busy or noisy environments

• Strong preferences or aversions that seem unusual for their age

Repetitive behaviours and routines

• Repetitive movements like hand-flapping, rocking, or spinning

• Strong need for routine; distress with change

• Narrow or intense interests

• Repetitive play (e.g. lining up toys or focusing on one part of a toy)

It’s important to remember that every child is different. Some signs might be subtle, while others are more noticeable. If you’re concerned about your child’s development, or if you’ve noticed a loss of previously learned skills, it’s a good idea to speak with your GP, paediatrician, or a psychologist experienced in autism assessments.

A comprehensive diagnostic assessment is the best way to understand whether your child may be on the autism spectrum and what supports might help.

There’s no single known cause of autism. Current research suggests that it’s likely due to a combination of genetic and environmental factors that affect brain development early in life.

Autism often runs in families, which suggests a hereditary component. But it’s important to remember that no one is to blame and nothing you did or didn’t do caused your child’s autism.

Scientists are still learning more about how and why autism develops, but what we do know is that early support can make a meaningful difference in helping children thrive.

An autism spectrum assessment is a structured process used to determine whether a child meets the criteria for a diagnosis of Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). It involves gathering detailed information about your child’s development, communication, behaviour, and everyday functioning.

At Sydney Children’s Practice, assessments are conducted by psychologists with training in neurodevelopmental conditions.

The process typically includes:

• Standardised assessment tools

• Parent interviews

• Observation of your child

• Input from teachers or other professionals where appropriate

Every child is different, so the approach is tailored to their needs. Some assessments may be carried out by a single clinician, while others may involve a team. The goal is to build a complete picture that supports an accurate and meaningful diagnosis.

Multiple appointments are required for a full autism assessment.

There are usually 4 - 5 appointments at the Sydney Children's Practice, depending on the child's age and the scope of information that our clinical team requires.

• 1 x Intake session - 60-90 minutes

• 1 x ADOS-2 session - Approximately 1 hour

• 1 x ADI-R session - 2.5-3 hours

• 1 x Cognitive testing session - Up to 2 hours. (if required)

• 1 x Feedback session - 50-60 minutes

Yes, Medicare rebates may be available if your child is referred by a paediatrician or psychiatrist under the Complex Neurodevelopmental Disorder (CND) assessment pathway.

This referral allows rebates to be applied to up to four key components of the assessment, including:

• Intake session

• ADOS-2 session

• ADI-R interview

• Feedback session

To be eligible, the assessment must be conducted by a fully registered psychologist (not provisional). All autism assessments at Sydney Children’s Practice are completed by trained, fully registered psychologists who meet this requirement.

If you’re unsure whether your referral qualifies, our team is happy to guide you through the process.

Some private health funds do offer partial rebates for psychological assessments, including autism assessments. Coverage varies widely between providers and policies, so it’s best to check directly with your fund to see what’s included.

If you need help understanding what questions to ask or what information to provide, our team is happy to assist.

• If you’d like to learn more about autism, diagnosis, and support options, these resources are a helpful starting point:The Australian Government’s National Autism Strategy - Australia's national plan for improving services, support, and inclusion for autistic people and their families.

• Autism our kids, our stories - Australia's national plan for improving services, support, and inclusion for autistic people and their families.

• Autism Awareness Australia – An accessible hub for information, community programs, and tools for families and educators.